Classification and Metal/Properties of Metals

Non-Ferrous Metals

Definition: Non-Ferrous Metal is a metal, including alloys, that does not contain iron (ferrite) in appreciable amounts.

Types of Non-Ferrous Metals:

• Aluminium & Aluminium Alloys.
• Copper.
• Brass.
• Lead.
• Zinc.
• Stainless Steel.
• How are Non-Ferrous Metals used?: Normally more expensive than ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals are used because of desirable properties such as low weight. Some Non-Ferrous metals, materials are also used in the iron and steel industries.

Ferrous Metal

Ferrous Metal contains iron They have small amounts of other metals or elements added, to give the required properties. They are magnetic

-Cast Iron

-Mild steel

-Stainless Steel

-High Carbon Steel

-High-Speed Steel

Where do you use Ferrous Metal?: These metals are primarily used for their tensile strength and durability, especially mild steel which helps hold up the tallest skyscrapers and the longest bridges in the world. You can also find ferrous metals in housing construction, industrial containers, large-scale piping, automobiles, rails for railroad and transportation, most of tools and hardware you use around the house, and the knives you cook with at home.

Alloy

An alloy is a mixture of metals or a mixture of a metal and another element. Alloys are defined by a metallic bonding character. An alloy may be a solid solution of metal elements (a single phase) or a mixture of metallic phases (two or more solutions)

Examples of common alloys.    

• Steel,a combination of iron (metal) and carbon (non-metal)
• Bronze,a combination of copper(metal) and tin (metal) and.
• Brass, a mixture of copper (metal) and zinc (metal)

Link of our Google Slide: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1QCZbjopW6PQumMQWBJConubGLiV8vGDQW9vO2e9zu4c/edit#slide=id.g30bfbc1fab_0_0

Properties of Metals

Hardness: The Metals Handbook defines hardness as "Resistance of metal to plastic deformation, usually by indentation. However, the term may also refer to stiffness or temper, or to resistance to scratching, abrasion, or cutting.

Toughness: Toughness is the ability of a material to absorb energy and plastically deform without fracturing. One definition of material toughness is the amount of energy per unit volume that a material can absorb before rupturing. Toughness requires a balance of strength and ductility.

Brittleness: A material is brittle if, when subjected to stress, it breaks without significant plastic deformation. Brittle materials absorb relatively little energy prior to fracture, even those of high strength. Breaking is often accompanied by a snapping sound.

Density: Heavy metals are generally defined as metals with relatively high densities, atomic weights, or atomic numbers. A density of more than 5 g/cm3 is sometimes quoted as a commonly used criterion and is used in the body of this article.

Ductility: ductility is a physical property of a material associated with the ability to be hammered thin or stretched into wire without breaking. A ductile substance can be drawn into a wire.

Elasticity: Elastiscity the ability of a body to resist a distorting influence and to return to its original size and shape when that influence or force is removed.

Malleability: Malleability is a physical property of metals that defines the ability to be hammered, pressed, or rolled into thin sheets without breaking.

Tenacity: Tenacity describes the reaction of a mineral to stress such as crushing, bending, breaking, or tearing. Malleable If a mineral can be flattened by pounding with a hammer, it is malleable.

LINK OF GOOGLE SLIDE: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1dL-k0WMz3lyS0RYuT6DxuBTkMf2a5IhiwuDB3ND_ahs/edit#slide=id.g30f92b60d7_0_32